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Qingdao Energy proposes new strategies in the field of lignocellulosic biotransformation
[ Instrument Network Instrument R & D ] Lignocellulosic biomass has great potential to replace fossil resources, thereby effectively reducing the global dependence on crude oil. Although some lignocellulose products such as cellulosic ethanol have come out at home and abroad, compared with fossil-derived products, lignocellulose products have so far still not been able to compete in the market. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve lignocellulose conversion technology. Economical. Lignocellulose conversion mainly includes three steps: pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation. Among them, saccharification is considered to be the decisive factor for the feasibility of lignocellulose biotransformation. To this end, the metabolomics research team led by Cui Qiu, a researcher at the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, took a different approach and proposed a "integrated biosaccharification" (CBS) strategy for lignocellulose based on a whole-cell fibrosomal catalyst. In the review article that was launched on February 24, the research status of the strategy, technical advantages, and problems and directions to be solved in the future were systematically explained [Liu, Y.-J., et al., 2020 Consolidated bio-saccharification: Leading lignocellulose bioconversion into the real world. Biotechnol Adv doi: 10.1016 / j.biotechadv.2020.107535], which provides technical guidance for the industrialization of lignocellulose biotransformation.
Compared with other known lignocellulose biotransformation strategies, the CBS strategy adopts a method similar to "integrated bioprocessing (CBP)" to integrate the enzyme production and hydrolysis steps organically. Therefore, compared with other strategies, It has advantages in the cost of enzymes; on the other hand, the downstream fermentation step is separated to a certain extent, and fermentable sugar is used as a platform chemical in downstream fermentation, which has significant export flexibility compared with CBP (Figure 1). Researchers in this research group have successfully constructed efficient CBS whole bacteria catalysts in the early stage, optimized the saccharification process to reduce production costs and shortened the process, and initially established the entire wood based on the CBS process by coupling the pretreatment process and downstream application technology. The cellulose biotransformation pathway has completed the CBS process development at the laboratory pilot level.
The CBS process uses fermentable sugar as a product, so making the production cost of fermentable sugar lower than the cost of starch sugar is the prerequisite for applying the CBS process-based lignocellulose bioconversion technology to actual industrial production. To this end, this paper discusses in detail future research directions to further improve the saccharification efficiency and sugar yield of CBS, as well as key issues that need to be addressed in the optimization of CBS biocatalysts and processes, including the improvement of pretreatment-derived inhibitors of CBS whole bacteria catalysts. Resistance, optimize the vitality balance of different functional components in the fiber body, develop new processes and supporting equipment to improve the saccharification mass transfer efficiency to increase substrate load, improve the pretreatment method and the compatibility of downstream application technology with the CBS process Sex (Figure 2).
The research group is currently cooperating with enterprises to scale up the CBS process, solve engineering and technical problems during the scale-up process, establish an industrial demonstration system based on the process, and complete a complete set of lignocellulose biotransformation technology solutions based on the CBS process. Through the unremitting efforts of researchers, the CBS process is finally expected to bring lignocellulose biotransformation into practical industrial applications in an economically practical and sustainable manner, thereby greatly promoting the large-scale application of lignocellulosic biomass resources. .
Liu Yajun, an associate researcher in the metabolomics research group, is the first author of the paper, and Liu Yajun, Feng Yingang, and Cui Qiu are the corresponding authors. This work was funded by the Strategic Pilot Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province.